\uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ub3c5\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\ub300\uac00 \uc9c0\ub098\uac00\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc57d 50\uc77c \uc804 30\ub144\uac04 \uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc744 \ud1b5\uce58\ud574\uc628 80\uc138 \uac00\uae4c\uc774 \ub41c N.Nazarbayev \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc740 \uad8c\ud55c\uc758 \uc808\ubc18\uc744 65\uc138\uc778 Kassym Jomart Tokayev\uc5d0\uac8c \ub118\uacbc\ub2e4. K.Tokayev\ub294 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839 \ucde8\uc784 \uc120\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ub3c4\uba85 \uc544\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub098\ub97c \ub204\ub974\uc220\ud0c4\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uce6d\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc81c\uc548\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 6\uc6d4 9\uc77c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ub420 \uc870\uae30 \ub300\uc120\uc5d0 7\uba85\uc774 \ucd9c\ub9c8\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c 8\uba85\uc774 \ucd9c\ub9c8\ud558\uc5ec, \uadf8 \uc911 \ud55c \uba85\uc774 77%\uc758 \ud45c\ub97c \uc5bb\uc740 \uac83\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uac8c \uc9c4\ud589\ub420 \uac83 \ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \ucd5c\uadfc 20\ub144\uac04 \uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc774 \ub418\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc815\ubd80\uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ucd94\uc9c4\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc 12\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub9e4\ub144 \u2018\uc544\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub098 \uacbd\uc81c \ud3ec\ub7fc\u2019\uc744 \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \u2018\ub378\ub85c\ubcf4\uc774 \uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4\u2019 \uc2e0\ubb38\uc740 74\uac1c\uad6d\uc758 \uc815\uce58, \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4, \ud559\uacc4 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud55c \u2018\uc544\uc2a4\ud0c0\ub098 \uacbd\uc81c\ud3ec\ub7fc-2019\u2019\uac00 \u2018\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \ub2e4\ubcf4\uc2a4\u2019\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 7\uc77c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc54c\ub9c8\ud2f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\ucd5c\ub41c \uc0c1\uae30 \ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud070 \ud589\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uad6d\uc81c\uae30\uad00\ub4e4\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d, \uc720\ub7fd\uc5f0\ud569, \uc911\uad6d, \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uce58, \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ubd84\uc57c \uc8fc\uc694 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ucc38\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uad00\ub840\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uac00\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544 \ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad8c\uc744 \uce68\ud574\ud558\uace0, \uc5b8\ub860 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \ud0c4\uc555\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\uc790\ub97c \ud22c\uc625\ud558\uace0, \uc800\ub141\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uc778\ud130\ub137 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ub2a6\ucd94\ub294, \ud45c\ud604\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc65c \uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc744 \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\ub290\ub0d0\ub294 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc744 \ucc38\uac00\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc81c\uae30\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \u201c\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\u201d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub300\ub2f5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b8\ub860\ub9e4\uccb4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\ubd80 \ub610\ub294 \uc18c\uc218\uc758 \ub3c5\uc810\uc790\ub4e4 \uc190\uc5d0 \uc950\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc815\ubd80\uc815\ucc45 \ube44\ud310 \uc2dc \uc5b8\ub860\uc744 \uc5b5\uc555\ud558\uace0 \ud3d0\uc1c4\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc5b8\ub860\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \ub0ae\ub2e4. \u2018\uad6d\uacbd \uc5c6\ub294 \uae30\uc790\ud68c\u2019\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c 2019\ub144 \uc138\uacc4 \uc5b8\ub860\uc790\uc720 \uc9c0\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 180\uac1c\uad6d \uc911 158\uc704\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4 \uacbd\uc81c\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\uc774\uc790 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \uba54\uafd4\uc8fc\ub294 \uc720\uc77c\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub294 \uc11d\uc720\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub3d9\uc548 \uc11d\uc720 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc778\ud504\ub77c\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud574\uc654\ub2e4. 2018\ub144 \ucd1d\uc218\ucd9c\uc758 70%\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uc11d\uc720 \uc218\ucd9c\ub85c 427\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec\ub97c \ubc8c\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc774 \ub098\ub77c\ub294 \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc778 \uc131\uacfc\ub85c \ubd80\ud130 \uad50\ud6c8\uc744 \uc5bb\uc5b4 \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 52\uac1c \ud68c\uc0ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc81c\uc548\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud6c4 \uc77c\ubcf8 \uac74\ucd95\uac00 K.Kurakawa\uc640 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 N.Foster\uc758 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\ub97c \uc120\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ub514\uc790\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ub3c4\ub97c \uac74\uc124\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544 \ud1b5\ud569\uc758 \uae38\uc5d0\uc11c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544\ub294 \uc720\ub7fd\uacfc \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub098\ub77c\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc911\ubd80\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc989 \uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4, \ud22c\ub974\ud06c\uba54\ub2c8\uc2a4\ud0c4, \uc6b0\uc988\ubca0\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4, \ud0c0\uc9c0\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uacfc \ud0a4\ub974\uae30\uc988\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0b6\uc758 \uacf5\uac04\uc744 \ud1b5\ud569\ud558\uace0, \ud611\ub825 \ubc29\uc548\uc744 \ub17c\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud130\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\uc774\ub4e4 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8-\uc18c\ube44\uc5d0\ud2b8 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac, \ubb38\ud654, \uc885\uad50, \uc815\ubd80 \ud615\ud0dc, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc640 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc758\uc874\ub3c4\uac00 \ub354\uc6b1 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uc5ec, \u2018\ud55c \uc190\uc758 \ub2e4\uc12f \uc190\uac00\ub77d\u2019\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70 \uc774\ub4e4 \uad6d\uac00 \uc601\ud1a0\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc788\ub358 \uc2e4\ud06c\ub85c\ub4dc\ub4e4\uc774 \ubabd\uace8\uc81c\uad6d \uc0c1\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc548\uc804\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uc600\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 Jack Weatherford\ub294 \u2018Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World\u2019 \ucc45\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc640 \uc720\ub7fd\uc758 \ubb38\uba85\uc744 \uc787\ub294 \ub2e4\ub9ac\ub77c\uace0 \uae30\uc220\ud55c \ubc14 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc2a4\ud0c4 5\uac1c\uad6d\uc740 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \ud655\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uace0 \ucda9\ub3cc\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uad6d\uacbd \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc9c0\ub8b0\ub97c \ubb3b\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544 \ud1b5\ud569\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc6d0\ud0c1\ud68c\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ucc38\uac00\uc790\uac00 \ub9d0\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uad6d\uac00\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc774\ub780 \uad50\uc5ed, \uc0dd\uc0b0, \uacf5\uae09, \uc7ac\uc815, \ub178\ub3d9\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \uac16\ucdb0\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac\ub85c\uc120 \uc2a4\ud0c4 5\uac1c\uad6d\uc774 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uaca8\uc6b0 \ub17c\uc758\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \ud569\ud558\uba74 7\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud574 \ub3c5\uc77c\uacfc \ub300\ub4f1\ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c \ud070 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc815\ubcf4\ud1b5\uc2e0 \ud601\uba85 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc774 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud611\ub825\uae30\ud68c\uac00 \ub354\uc6b1 \ub9ce\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud611\ub825\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uc18c\ud1b5\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0, \uc2e0\ub8b0\uac00 \uac16\ucdb0\uc838 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub3d9 5\uac1c\uad6d\uc740 \uc18c\ud1b5 \ub2e8\uacc4\uac00 \uc815\ubd80 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uc774\ub2e4. \uac1c\ub150 \uc774\ud574\uac00 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\uace0, \ube44\uc804\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\uace0, \uacf5\ub3d9\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c\uac00 \uc870\uc131\ub420 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uad6d\uac00 \uc6d0\uc218\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uaf64\ub098 \ucc38\uc744\uc131\uacfc \uc778\ub0b4\uc2ec\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \ub4ef\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uc774 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc740 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc77c\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uba40\ub9ac \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc640 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc758\uc874\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ubabd\uace8\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4. \uc774\uc911 2\uac1c\uad6d\uc774 \uc544\ub974\uba54\ub2c8\uc544\uc640 \ubca8\ub77c\ub8e8\uc2a4, \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544, \uce74\uc790\ud750\uc2a4\ud0c4, \ud0a4\ub974\uae30\uc988\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\ud569\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uace0, \uc774 \uc678 \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\ud569\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ub41c \uc791\uc740 \ub098\ub77c \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud070 \ub098\ub77c\uc758 \uba74\uc138\ud488\ub4e4\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud0c0\uaca9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \ud30c\uc0b0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ube44\uc288\ucf00\ud06c\ub97c \ub4e4\ub974\uba74\uc11c \uc774\uc57c\uae30 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\uc544\ubb34\ud2bc \uc815\ubd80 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\ud1b5(communication) \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uc2dc\uc791\uc744 \ub0b4\ub51b\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc633\ub2e4. \uc720\ub7fd \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc81c2\ucc28 \ub300\uc804 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc11d\ud0c4\uacfc \ucca0\uac15 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec \uc18c\ud1b5\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \ud604\uc7ac \uc720\ub7fd\uc5f0\ud569\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc720\ub77c\uc2dc\uc544 5\uac1c\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb3c\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc18c\ud1b5\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc9c0\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 4\uac1c\uad6d \uc2dd\uc218\uc758 70%\ub97c \uacf5\uae09\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \uc787\ub530\ub790\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\uad6d\uac00\uac04 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uad6d\ubbfc\uacfc \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc18c\ud1b5\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18 \uad6d\ubbfc\uacfc \uc911\uc18c\uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uac04\uc758 \uc774\ud574\uc18c\ud1b5\ub9cc\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\ud611\ub825\uc744 \uc774\ub04c\uc5b4\uac04\ub2e4. \ud604 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub04c\ub824\uac08 \uc9d0\uc774 \uc55e\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uad6d\ubbfc\uac04 \uc18c\ud1b5\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud0a4\ub974\uae30\uc988\uc2a4\ud0c4 \uc678\uc758 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud55c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc0ac\ud68c\uc640 \uad6d\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc758 \ubaa9\uc18c\ub9ac\uac00 \ub4e4\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc77c\ub300\uc77c\ub85c \uad6c\uc0c1\uc774 \uc774 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud788 \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\uc5b4, \uc77c\ubd80 \ub098\ub77c\ub294 \u201c\uc0bc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294\u201d \ud070 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \u201c\uc785\uc5d0 \ubb3c\uace0\u201d, \uc815\uce58\uc640 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uc548\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\ubabd\uace8\uc740 \uc911\ubd80\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc548\uc804, \uad8c\ub9ac\uc640 \uc790\uc720, \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \uc131\uacf5\uc744 \uac70\ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubd80\uc815\ubd80\ud328\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ubabd\uace8 \uc804 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \ubaa9\uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub4e3\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uacb0\uc815\ub3c4 \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2019.05.29<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trans by Kherlen.Z<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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